2015年5月16日雅思考試即將開始，為了讓考生們在最短的時間內(nèi)提高考試成績，唯學(xué)網(wǎng)小編為大家準(zhǔn)備了2015年5月9日雅思考試閱讀部分的真題，該真題是通過考生們回憶總結(jié)出來的，希望可以幫助即將面臨雅思考試的考生們。預(yù)祝雅思考試取得好成績!

雅思考試由劍橋大學(xué)考試委員會外語考試部等集團(tuán)共同管理，它是一種針英語能力，通過此項考試可以幫助更多人更容易適應(yīng)國外的環(huán)境及語言。雅思考試分學(xué)術(shù)類和培訓(xùn)類兩種，分別針對申請留學(xué)的學(xué)生和計劃在英語語言國家參加工作或移民的人士。考試分聽、說、讀、寫四個部分，總分9分。

2015年5月9日雅思考試真題回憶

2015年5月9日雅思考試真題回憶

閱讀部分

Passage 1

題材：環(huán)境健康類

新舊情況：新題

題目：Solutions to Indoor Air Pollution

題型：簡答5 +圖表填空4+判斷4

文章大意：

介紹了關(guān)于室內(nèi)空氣污染治理項目的情況和成果。

部分答案回憶：

1.weight

2.fuel

3.distribution

4.stoves

5.consultations

6.pilot

7.review

8.10 million

9.international

Passage 2

題材：環(huán)境能源類

新舊情況：新題

題目：Egypt’s Sunken Treasures

題型：Matching4+判斷+填空

文章大意：

埃及一個古建筑在海底被發(fā)現(xiàn)了，考古學(xué)家拯救海底建筑。

部分答案：待補(bǔ)充

Passage 3

題材：文化類

新舊情況：新題

題目：The Future of Language

題型：summary4+判斷+填空

文章大意：

類似舊題，僅供練習(xí)

Save Endangered Language

“Obviously we must do some serious rethinking of our priorities, lest linguistics go down in history as the only science that presided obviously over the disappearance of 90percent of the very field to which it is dedicated. “-Michael Krauss, “The World’s Languages in Crisis ”.

A

Ten years ago Michael Krauss sent a shudder through the discipline of linguistics with his prediction that half the 6,000 or so languages spoken in the world would cease to be uttered within a century. Unless scientists and community leaders directed a worldwide effort to stabilize the decline of local languages, he warned, nine tenths of the linguistic diversity of humankind would probably be doomed to extinction. Krauss’s prediction was little more than an educated guess, but other respected linguists had been clanging out similar alarms. Keneth L. Hale of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology noted in the same journal issue that eight languages on which he had done fieldwork had since passed into extinction. A 1990 survey in Australia found that 70 of the 90 surviving Aboriginal languages were no longer used regularly by all age groups. The same was true for all but 20 of the 175 Native American languages spoken or remembered in the US., Krauss told a congressional panel in 1992.

B

Many experts in the field mourn the loss of rare languages, for several reasons. To start, there is scientific self-interest: some of the most basic questions in linguistics have to do with the limits of human speech, which are far from fully explored. Many researchers would like to know which structural elements of grammar and vocabulary—if any— are truly universal and probably therefore hardwired into the human brain. Other scientists try to reconstruct ancient migration patterns by comparing borrowed words that appear in otherwise unrelated languages. In each of these cases, the wider the portfolio of languages you study, the more likely you are to get the right answers.

C

Despite the near constant buzz in linguistics about endangered languages over the past 10 years, the field has accomplished depressingly little. “You would think that there would be some organized response to this dire situation,” some attempt to determine which language can be saved and which should be documented before they disappear, says Sarah G. Thomason, a linguist at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. “But there isn’t any such effort organized in the profession. It is only recently that it has become fashionable enough to work on endangered languages.” Six years ago, recalls Douglas H. Whalen of Yale University, “when I asked linguists who was raising money to deal with these problems, I mostly got blank stares.” So Whalen and a few other linguists founded the Endangered Languages Fund. In the five years to 2001 they were able to collect only $80,000 for research grants. A similar foundation in England, directed by Nicholas Ostler, has raised just $8,000 since 1995.

D

But there are encouraging signs that the field has turned a corner. The Volkswagen Foundation, a German charity, just issued its second round of grants totaling more than $2 million. It has created a multimedia archive at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in the Netherlands that can house recordings, grammars, dictionaries and other data on endangered languages. To fill the archive, the foundation has dispatched field linguists to document Aweti (100 or so speakers in Brazil), Ega (about 300 speakers in Ivory Coast), Waima’a (a few hundred speakers in East Timor), and a dozen or so other languages unlikely to survive the century. The Ford Foundation has also edged into the arena. Its contributions helped to reinvigorate a master-apprentice program created in 1992 by Leanne Hinton of Berkeley and Native Americans worried about the imminent demise of about 50 indigenous languages in California. Fluent speakers receive $3,000 to teach a younger relative (who is also paid) their native tongue through 360 hours of shared activities, spread over six months. So far about 5 teams have completed the program, Hinton says, transmitting at least some knowledge of 25 languages. “It’s too early to call this language revitalization,” Hinton admits. “In California the death rate of elderly speakers will always be greater than the recruitment rate of young speakers. But at least we prolong the survival of the language.” That will give linguists more time to record these tongues before they vanish.

E

But the master-apprentice approach hasn’t caught on outside the U.S., and Hinton’s effort is a drop in the sea. At least 440 languages have been reduced to a mere handful of elders, according to the Ethnologue, a catalogue of languages produced by the Dallas-based group SIL International that comes closest to global coverage. For the vast majority of these languages, there is little or no record of their grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation or use in daily life. Even if a language has been fully documented, all that remains once it vanishes from active use is a fossil skeleton, a scattering of features that the scientist was lucky and astute enough to capture. Linguists may be able to sketch an outline of the forgotten language and fix its place on the evolutionary tree, but little more. “How did people start conversations and talk to babies? How did husbands and wives converse?” Hinton asks. “Those are the first things you want to learn when you want to revitalize the language.”

F

But there is as yet no discipline of “conservation linguistics,” as there is for biology. Almost every strategy tried so far has succeeded in some places but failed in others, and there seems to be no way to predict with certainty what will work where. Twenty years ago in New Zealand, Maori speakers set up “l(fā)anguage nests,” in which preschoolers were immersed in the native language. Additional Maori-only classes were added as the children progressed through elementary and secondary school. A similar approach was tried in Hawaii, with some success— the number of native speakers has stabilized at 1,000 or so, reports Joseph E. Grimes of SIL International, who is working on Oahu. Students can now get instruction in Hawaiian all the way through university.

G

One factor that always seems to occur in the demise of a language is that the speakers begin to have collective doubts about the usefulness of language loyalty. Once they start regarding their own language as inferior to the majority language, people stop using it for all situations. Kids pick up on the attitude and prefer the dominant language. In many cases, people don’t notice until they suddenly realize that their kids never speak the language, even at home. This is how Cornish and some dialects of Scottish Gaelic is still only rarely used for daily home life in Ireland, 80 years after the republic was founded with Irish as its first official language.

H

Linguists agree that ultimately, the answer to the problem of language extinction is multilingualism. Even uneducated people can learn several languages, as long as they start as children. Indeed, most people in the world speak more than one tongue, and in places such as Cameroon (279 languages), Papua New Guinea (823) and India (387) it is common to speak three or four distinct languages and a dialect or two as well. Most Americans and Canadians, to the west of Quebec, have a gut reaction that anyone speaking another language in front of them is committing an immoral act. You get the same reaction in Australia and Russia. It is no coincidence that these are the areas where languages are disappearing the fastest. The first step in saving dying languages is to persuade the world’s majorities to allow the minorities among them to speak with their own voices.

相關(guān)鏈接

>>>為了讓考生清楚的了解今年各階段考試的時間安排，小編特為大家整理了2015年雅思英語考試時間匯總表 。其中包括2015年雅思考試時間，雅思報名時間、雅思打印準(zhǔn)考證時間等等。希望對考生們有所幫助！

以上內(nèi)容是關(guān)于2015年5月9月雅思考試真題回憶的介紹，唯學(xué)網(wǎng)是一家集教育資訊發(fā)布與院校教學(xué)管理系統(tǒng)于一體的多功能開放式綜合教育服務(wù)平臺，教育領(lǐng)域涵蓋語言培訓(xùn)等十一個大類及上百個子類。因此考生如若獲知關(guān)于英語培訓(xùn)的任何資訊如職稱英語考試、托福英語考試等，可隨時關(guān)注英語培訓(xùn)欄目。如有任何疑問也可在線留言，小編會為您在第一時間解答!