【高分版】

On maintaining trust

Trust is a key strategy for building effective relationships with the people we come into contact with, including our team members, peers and customers. If you want to have a positive influence over anyone or anything, you need to earn trust first.

As the level of trust develops, however, there will be situations and incidents that shake the foundations that have been built. Therefore, maintain trust is even more important. There are several keys to maintain trust. First is integrity. You need to remain honest and morally upright. The second is stick to your words. If you say you would do something, then do it, otherwise never say it. For once you break your promises, you can hardly reestablish it.

Trust is built and maintained by many small actions over time. Trust is telling the truth, even when it is difficult, and being truthful, authentic, and trustworthy in your dealings with other people. Only by maintain trust can one make real achievements and enjoy a rewarding life.

快速閱讀答案：

1. There is no access to television in its rooms.

2. Time away from all electronic gadgets

3. It is our greatest misery in life

4. We will not know what to do with our own lives

5. They help people understand ancient wisdom

6. When people think deeply, their neural processes are slow

7. live without modern transportation

8. have some distance from it / the world.

9 something useful

10. what is essential

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

這是一篇取自《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的文章。講述的是面對(duì)現(xiàn)代科技帶來的信息爆炸，應(yīng)該如何平靜的審視自己的內(nèi)心世界，找到自我，而不被信息的洪流所淹沒。本次快速閱讀的文章還是延續(xù)了以往的特點(diǎn)，信息量較大，結(jié)構(gòu)較散，但整個(gè)命題依舊遵循了文章難，題目簡單的規(guī)律。做題的要點(diǎn)就是，在題干中找到定位詞，回原文中定位細(xì)節(jié)信息。

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

11.

M: I’d like to go camping with you this weekend, but I don’t have a sleeping bag.

W: No problem. You can count on me to get one for you. My family has tons of camping gear.

Q: What does the woman mean?

答案：She can lend the man a sleeping bag.

【解析】這是一道較為簡單的推理題，前提是考生需知道camping gear表示“野餐用具，露營裝備”，由此可知，camping gear包括sleeping bag，即女士能借給男士一個(gè)睡袋，此題的設(shè)置稍微繞了個(gè)小彎，為考生解題設(shè)置了一定難度。go camping：去野餐，去露營;sleeping bag：睡袋。

12.

M: I know I promise to drive you to the airport next Thursday, but I’m afraid something has come up. They’ve called a special meeting at work.

W: No big deal. Karen said she was available as a back-up.

Q: What does the woman mean?

答案: Karen can take her to the airport.

【解析】此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。從對(duì)話中可知，男士下周四臨時(shí)有事不能送女士去機(jī)場(chǎng)了，女士回答說Karen有空。back-up：n. 備用，備份，考生如果知道這個(gè)單詞的意思，對(duì)整個(gè)對(duì)話的理解會(huì)有幫助。

13.

W: Have you saved enough money for a trip to Hawaii?

M: Not even close. My uncle must put the brakes on my travelling plans.

Q: What does the man mean?

答案：He can’t afford to go traveling yet.

【解析】此題為推理題。從男士的回答“我叔叔對(duì)我的旅行計(jì)劃加以限制了。”中可推斷出，這位男士還沒有足夠的錢去旅行。put the brakes on sth.表示“對(duì)……加以限制”，即使考生不知道這個(gè)短語的引申含義，但聽到brake“剎車”應(yīng)該也能大概判斷出來答案。

14.

M: I’m starving. Do we still have any pie left from the dinner yesterday?

W: Oh, Julia invited her friends over in the afternoon and they ate it all.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

答案：The man has to find something else to eat.

【解析】此題為簡單的推理題。從對(duì)話中可知，女士回答說Julie下午邀請(qǐng)了她的朋友，他們把剩的餅都吃光了，由此可推斷出這位男士不得不找別的東西吃。starving：adj. 饑餓的。

15.

W: Three letters of recommendation are required to apply to graduate schools. I was wondering if the one professor Smith wrote for me last year could still be used.

M: It’s a bit dated. You’d better submit a recent one.

Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

答案：Present a new letter of reference.

【解析】此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。只要考生抓住這位男士回答中的關(guān)鍵詞dated和recent，就不難找出正確答案，而且，整個(gè)答句也很短，均是簡單句，易于考生理解。letter of recommendation和letter of reference意思相似，均可表示“推薦信”。

16.

W: I’ve noticed that you spend a lot of time tending your garden. Would you like to join our gardening club? We meet every other Wednesday.

M: Oh, thanks for the invitation, but this is how I relax. I’d rather not make it something formal and structured.

Q: What can we infer about the man?

答案：He declines to join the gardening club.

【解析】此題為暗示推理題，有一定難度。抓住問題中的關(guān)鍵詞“infer”，這位男士暗示了什么?從男士的回答“謝謝邀請(qǐng)，但這是我放松的方式，我寧愿我的花園不那么條條框框”中可推斷出，這位男士間接拒絕了參加園藝俱樂部的邀請(qǐng)。

17.

M: I heard the recent sculpture exhibit was kind of disappointing.

W: That’s right. I guess a lot of other people feel the way I do about modern art.

Q: What does the woman mean?

答案：Many people do not appreciate modern art.

【解析】此題為簡單的推理題。只要考生能理解女士的回答“我猜許多其他人對(duì)現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)和我的感覺是一樣的。”，即可選出答案，而且答句中沒有一個(gè)生難單詞。sculpture exhibit：雕塑展。

18.

M: Bob is running for chairman of the student union. Would you vote for him?

W: Oh, I can’t decide right now because I have to find out more about the other candidates.

Q: What does the woman mean?

答案：Bob cannot count on her vote.

【解析】此題為推理題。這位女士回答說她現(xiàn)在還沒決定選誰，因?yàn)樗�還要看看其他候選人的資料和表現(xiàn)，由此可推斷出，Bob不能依賴這位女士的選票。run for：競(jìng)選;chairman of the student union：學(xué)生會(huì)主席;vote for：投票贊成。

Conversation One

W: I don’t know what to do. I can’t seem to get anyone in the hospital to listen to my complaints and this outdated equipment is dangerous. Just look at it.

M: Hmm, uh, are you trying to say that it presents a health hazard?

W: Yes, I am. The head technician in the lab tried to persuade the hospital administration to replace it, but they are trying to cut costs.

M: You are pregnant, aren’t you?

W: Yes, I am. I made an effort to get my supervisor to transfer me to another department, but he urged me not to complain too loudly. Because the administration is more likely to replace me than an X-ray equipment, I’m afraid to refuse to work. But I’m more afraid to expose my unborn child to the radiation.

M: I see what you mean. Well, as your union representative, I have to warn you that it would take quite a while to force management to replace the old machines and attempt to get you transferred may or may not be successful.

W: Oh, what am I supposed to do then?

M: Workers have the legal right to refuse certain unsafe work assignments under two federal laws, the Occupation or Safety and Health Act and the National Labor Relations Act. But the requirements of either of the Acts may be difficult to meet.

W: Do you think I have a good case?

M: If you do lose your job, the union will fight to get it back for you along with back pay, your lost income. But you have to be prepared for a long wait, maybe after two years.

Q19. What does the woman complain about?

Q20. What has the woman asked her supervisor to do?

Q21. What does the man say about the two federal laws?

Q22. What will the union do if the woman loses her job?

【答案】

19. The health hazard at her work place.

20. Transfer her to another department.

21. Their requirements may be difficult to meet.

22. Try to help her to get it back.

點(diǎn)評(píng)：

本篇長對(duì)話是關(guān)于一名懷孕的員工就工作中的輻射傷害向工會(huì)投訴。對(duì)話一開篇女士先抱怨自己工作的醫(yī)院無人聽她申訴有關(guān)機(jī)器已過時(shí)，會(huì)造成身體傷害的問題，因?yàn)獒t(yī)院想要降低成本。然后她提到自己有向主管提出轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)部門的要求，然而遭到拒絕。主管還告誡她，醫(yī)院寧愿換掉她，讓他人工作，也不會(huì)更換機(jī)器。于是工會(huì)代表告訴她轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)部門確實(shí)可能不會(huì)成功。同時(shí)要想利用目前的法案來解決這一問題，也會(huì)很難實(shí)現(xiàn)。最后指出，除非她真正丟失工作，工會(huì)才能拿起法律武器幫她討薪。

本對(duì)話考生雖然對(duì)輻射造成身體傷害的話題并不陌生，但整個(gè)對(duì)話中部分單詞可能還是會(huì)造成不少聽力困擾。比如：health hazard(健康傷害)中的hazard;X-ray equipment(X光儀器)中的X-ray和兩大法案的名稱雖不難，但也容易混淆大家的視聽，而誤抓重點(diǎn)。

Conversation Two

W: Mr. Green, is it fair to say that negotiation is an art?

M: Well, I think it’s both an art and science. You can prepare for a negotiation quite scientifically, but the execution of the negotiation has quite a lot to do with one’s artistic quality. The scientific part of a negotiation is in determining your strategy. What do you want out of it? What can you give? Then of course there are tactics. How do you go about it? Do you take an opening position in a negotiation which differs from the eventual goal you are heading for? And then of course there are the behavioral aspects.

W: What do you mean by the behavioral aspects?

M: Well, that’s I think where the art comes in. In your behavior, you can either be an actor. You can pretend that you don’t like things which you are actually quite pleased about. Or you can pretend to like things which you are quite happy to do without. Or you can be the honest type negotiator who’s known to his partners in negotiation and always plays everything straight. But the artistic part of negotiation I think has to do with responding immediately to cues one gets in the process of negotiation. These can be verbal cues or even body language. This is where the artistic quality comes in.

W: So really, you see two types of negotiator then, the actor or the honest one.

M: That’ right. And both can work. I would say the honest negotiator can be quite effective in some circumstances. In other circumstances you need an actor.

Q23. When is a scientific approach best embodied in a negotiation according to the man?

Q24. In what way is a negotiator like an actor according to the man?

Q25. What does the man say about the two types of negotiator?

【答案】

23. In the preparatory phase.

24. He behaves in a way contrary to his real intention.

25. Both can succeed depending on the specific situation.

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

本長對(duì)話主要是關(guān)于談判的藝術(shù)性和科學(xué)性。談判的科學(xué)性部分主要體現(xiàn)在談判策略，而談判的藝術(shù)性則體現(xiàn)在表現(xiàn)上。這里可以歸為兩類，一是“演技派”，二是“誠實(shí)派”。另外，談判的藝術(shù)性還與對(duì)談判過程中獲得的口頭暗示、肢體語言進(jìn)行及時(shí)反應(yīng)有關(guān)。最后男士指出根據(jù)不同場(chǎng)合，無論是“誠實(shí)派”，或是“演技派”談判者都能起到各自的效果。

本對(duì)話中的關(guān)鍵詞有：negotiation：談判;strategy：策略;behavioral：行為的。

Section B

Passage 1

A scientific team is studying the thinking ability of eleven and half month old children. The test is a simple one. The baby watches a sort of show on a small stage. In Act One of the show, a yellow cube is lifted from a blue box, and moved across the stage. Then it is returned to the box. This is repeated 6 times. Act Two is similar except that the yellow cube is smaller. Baby boys do not react at all to the difference and the size of the cube. But girls immediately become excited. The scientists interpret the girls’ excitement as meaning they are trying to understand what they have just seen. They are wondering why Act Two is odd and how it differs from Act One. In other words, the little girls are reasoning. This experiment certainly does not definitely prove that girls start to reason before boys, but it provides a clue that scientists would like to study more carefully. Already it is known that bones, muscles and nerves develop faster in baby girls. Perhaps it is early nerve development that makes some infant girls show more intelligence than infant boys. Scientists have also found that nature seems to give another boost to girls. Baby girls usually talk at an earlier age than boys do. Scientists think that there is a physical reason for this. They believe that the nerve endings in the left side of the brain develop faster in girls than in boys, and it is this side of the brain that strongly influences an individual’s ability to use language and remember things.

Q26. What is the difference between Act One and Act Two in the test?

答案：The size of the objects shown.

Q27. How do the scientists interpret their observation from the experiment?

答案： Girls seem to start reasoning earlier than boys.

Q28. What does the speaker say about the experiment?

答案： It may simulate scientists to make further studies.

Q29. According to scientists, what is another advantage given to girls by nature?

答案： They talk at an early age.

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

本文是一篇關(guān)于幼兒思維能力的文章。… but it provides a clue that… 一句前都是具體的實(shí)驗(yàn)過程，是一個(gè)例子，重點(diǎn)在實(shí)驗(yàn)為科學(xué)研究提供的線索。實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)可能是早期的神經(jīng)發(fā)育使女嬰比男嬰更聰明�？茖W(xué)家們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，自然可能還給了女孩另一大優(yōu)勢(shì)，那就是女孩通常比男孩早開口說話，而這也是因?yàn)樯窠?jīng)末梢發(fā)育快于男孩。

關(guān)鍵詞：interpret v. 解釋;翻譯boost n. 推動(dòng)，幫助

Passage 2

A super attendant of the city municipal building, Dillia Adorno, was responsible for presenting its new security plan to the public. City employees, citizens and reporters gathered in the hall to hear her describe the plan. After outlining the main points she would cover, she assured the audience that she would be happy to answer questions at the end of her presentation. Dillia realized the plan was expensive and potentially controversial. So she was not surprised to see a number of hands go up as soon as she finished speaking. An employ asked, “Would the new system create long lines to get into the building like the line in the airport security checks?” Dillia had anticipated this question and had an answer ready. After repeating the question, she explained that the sufficient number of security guards would be working at peak hours to speed things along. The next question was more confrontational.”Where was the money come from to pay for all of this?”The journalists who ask the question seem hostile. But Dillia was careful not to adopt the defensive tone. She stated that the money would come from the city’s general budget. “I know these are tide times”, she added, “But everyone agrees on the importance of safe guarding our employees and members of the public who come into the building.” Near the end of the 25 minutes she has said, Dillia said she would take two more questions. When those were finished, she concluded the session with a brief restatement of how the new system will improve security and peace of mind in the municipal building.

Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

30. What is the focus of Dillia Adorno’s presentation?

答案：The new security plan for the municipal building.

31. What question had Dillia Adorno anticipated?

答案： Whether the security checks would create long queues at peak hours.

32. What did the speakers think of the question from the journalist?

答案： Confrontational

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

本文描寫一位政府官員介紹了一項(xiàng)新的安保計(jì)劃，并回答了在場(chǎng)人員的提問，類似于一場(chǎng)新聞發(fā)布會(huì)。計(jì)劃成本較高，而且可能頗具爭(zhēng)議。本文詳細(xì)闡述了兩個(gè)提問。第一個(gè)問題是Dillia預(yù)見到的，但第二個(gè)記者的提問是有對(duì)抗性的，即使confrontational這個(gè)詞我們聽不懂也沒關(guān)系，可以從下文的其他詞匯中推斷，如hostile 有敵意的，而針對(duì)這個(gè)問題，Dillia讓自己盡可能不采取defensive的態(tài)度，既然要采取防衛(wèi)的態(tài)度，那記者的提問一定是在政府的對(duì)立面的，因此從defensive一詞也可以判斷出記者的態(tài)度。

關(guān)鍵詞：attendant n. 隨員 confrontational adj. 對(duì)抗性的 hostile，defensive

Passage 3

Despite unemployment and the lost of her home, Andrea Clark considers herself a blessed and happy woman. Why the cheerful attitude? Her troubles have brought her closer to her family. Last year, Andrea’s husband, Rick, a miner in Nevada was laid off. Though Andrea kept her job as a school bus driver, she knew that they couldn’t pay their bill and support their youngest of five children, Zack, age nine, on one income. “At first their church helped out, but you can’t keep that up forever”, Andrea says. Then Michal, their eldest of her four adult children suggested they move in with his family. For almost three months, seven Clarks lived under one roof. Andrea, Rick and Zack stayed in the basement department, sharing laundry and single bathroom with Michal, his wife and their two children.

The change cut their expenditures in half, but the new living arrangement proved too challenging. When Andrea found a job with a school district closer to her mother’s home in west Jorden, Utah, the family decided to move on. Packing up again with no picnic, Zack had to switch schools for the second time and space is even tighter. Andrea says that the moves themselves are exhausting and Rick is still looking for a job.

The recession has certainly come with more problems than Andrea anticipated, but she remains unfailingly optimistic. She is excited to spend more time with her mother. Another plus, rents are lower in Utah than in Nevada. So Andrea thinks they’ll be able to save up and move out in less than 6 months.

Questions 33-35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Q33 What do we learn about Andrea’s husband?

答案：He used to work as a miner in Nevada.

Q34 Why did Andrea move to live in her eldest son’s home?

答案：To cut their living expenses.

Q35 What is Andrea’s attitude toward the hardships brought by the economic recession?

答案：Optimistic.

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

本文描寫了Andrea一家在經(jīng)歷失業(yè)時(shí)依然樂觀向上的積極狀態(tài)。這從文章的首句Despite unemployment and the lost of her home, Andrea Clark considers herself a blessed and happy woman.和最后一段but she remains unfailingly optimistic.都能得到印證。Andrea的丈夫是內(nèi)華達(dá)的礦工，去年失業(yè)，為了維持生計(jì)，他們先是和大兒子一家住在一起，后來又搬家到猶他州，她的丈夫還在繼續(xù)找工作。但是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，并沒有讓Andrea消極，她覺得自己和家人的關(guān)系更緊密了并且相信自己能夠度過難關(guān)。

關(guān)鍵詞：lay off 解雇;expenditure n. 支出，花費(fèi);optimistic adj. 樂觀的