所有報(bào)考在職聯(lián)考的考生，都必須要面對(duì)英語考試。據(jù)悉，在職聯(lián)考英語考試的難度并不大，GCT英語和大學(xué)英語三級(jí)水平相當(dāng)，其他科目的英語考試難度略高于大學(xué)英語四級(jí)，但比六級(jí)容易一點(diǎn)。為了考生復(fù)習(xí)英語，唯學(xué)網(wǎng)小編將動(dòng)詞不定式的用法做了一次梳理。

動(dòng)詞不定式其實(shí)就是由“不定式符號(hào)to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成的一種非謂語動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)。有些動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to，動(dòng)詞不定式可以作句子的主語、表語、賓語、定語、補(bǔ)語、狀語或單獨(dú)使用。不定式保留動(dòng)詞的某些特性，可以有自己的賓語、狀語等。動(dòng)詞不定式和它后面的賓語、狀語等一起構(gòu)成短語，叫作不定式短語。

一、用作主語

直接把動(dòng)詞不定式置于句首的情況不多，多數(shù)情況用it作形式主語，把真正的主語——?jiǎng)釉~不定式置于句末，特別是不定式短語較長(zhǎng)時(shí)。動(dòng)詞不定式作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。帶疑問詞的不定式短語作主語常置于句首，復(fù)合不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作主語常置于句末。如：

1. As young adults, it is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge...

2. The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.

3. How to make requests politely is important.

二、用作表語

動(dòng)詞不定式作表語，常說明主語的內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)、特征。如：

1. The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.

2. The first thing is to greet the teacher.

三、用作賓語

1.可以接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞主要有：要求選擇同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望決定學(xué)習(xí)(expect, hope, decide, learn)，寧可假裝知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如：

1) We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.

2) He prefers to eat white bread and rice.

3) I’d love to visit Mexico.

2.動(dòng)詞decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介詞結(jié)構(gòu)on...可用疑問詞帶to的不定式短語作賓語，但why后面的不定式不帶to。如：

1) Could you please tell me where to park my car?

2) It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations.

3.動(dòng)詞feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式賓語代替真正的賓語——?jiǎng)釉~不定式，句子結(jié)構(gòu)是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。如：

I find it difficult to remember everything.

4.既可接動(dòng)詞不定式又可接ving形式作賓語，意思差別不太大的動(dòng)詞有begin, start, like, love等。一般說來，動(dòng)詞不定式表一次、數(shù)次的具體動(dòng)作、將來動(dòng)作或動(dòng)作的全過程，ving形式表習(xí)慣性的連續(xù)動(dòng)作。但是這種區(qū)別并不很嚴(yán)格，特別是美國(guó)英語，即使是習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作也可以用動(dòng)詞不定式。如：

1) Then I started to watch English-language TV.

2) I’m beginning to understand my Chinese roots, and who I am.

begin用了進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，后面只接不定式作賓語，表示事情剛開始，還要繼續(xù)下去。

3)I like to eat vegetables.

感知?jiǎng)釉~like, love, know等一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

5.后接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語，意思差別較大的動(dòng)詞有forget, remember等。后接不定式作賓語，表動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生;后接動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語，表動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。stop to do停下來做另外一件事，to do是目的狀語;stop doing停止做、不做當(dāng)前這件事，doing是賓語。try to do盡力做，try doing試試看;go on to do接著做另外的事，go on doing繼續(xù)做原來的事。如：

1) When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me.

2) I stopped using them last year.

四、用作定語

1.句子的主語或賓語是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語，不定式與其所修飾的名詞、代詞等存在邏輯的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，用動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)式。如：

1) I have so many chores to do today.

2) I can’t think of any good advice to give her.

3) Basketball has also become a more popular sport for people to watch.

2.動(dòng)詞不定式所修飾的名詞是place, time, way等時(shí)，不定式與這些名詞呈現(xiàn)出動(dòng)狀關(guān)系或同位關(guān)系。如：1)He needs time to do homework.

2)Is that a good place to hang out?

3)You want to know the best way to get around the city.

3.在“there be...”句型里，句子的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，常用主動(dòng)式。如：

1)There’s just so much to see and do here.

2)... but there are still many things to do there.